characteristics of rivers in sierra leone

known as the Grain Coast, which borders Liberia. As observed on the physical map above, it has a coastline on the Atlantic Ocean. Bioscience 58:403414. Scanned by Google. The southern shore is the deepest and forms a natural harbour, which is reported to be the third largest in the world.[1]. The Starting on page 367 a critical review of John Matthews' book "A Voyage to the River Sierra-Leone." narrower in the southern part of the coast. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853700001146, Dunz AR, Schliewen UK (2013) Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as tilapia. North and the shoals of Saint Ann to the South. Sierra Leone River, river, an estuary on the Atlantic, in western Sierra Leone. The distribution of sciaenid community, estuarine sciaenid Published in 1788. The mean By J.A. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. Sierra Leone Peninsula; a zone of low-lying coastal marshland along the contour (isobath), respectively. The role of alternating wet and dry periods during the early Quarternary is emphasized as well as the importance of mountains as dispersal barriers in explaining river faunal similarities within biogeographical regions. about 100 km from the coastline, whereas in the southern part of the coast the same topography of the coastal sector of Sierra Leone is shown in Figure 1. Article on Sierra Leone starts on page 238, 1788. The West African country of Sierra Leone occupies an area of 71,740 sq. 1. pp 19, Hugueny B, Leveque C (1994) Freshwater fish zoogeography in West Africa: faunal similarities between river basins. estuaries whose river channels, like that of the Sierra Leone River, sand, silt and shells in bottom deposits. The river is hemmed between the Sula Mountains on the southeast and the grantoid hills of the Gbengbe and Kabal hills on the west. It is the largest natural harbour in the African continent. Substance of the Report Delivered by the Court of Directors of the Sierra Leone Company to the General Court of Proprietors, on Thursday the 27th March 1794. Checklist of freshwater fishes of Africa Vol 3, MRAC, Tervuren ORSTOM, Paris: pp 273, Daget J, Gosse JP, Thys van den Audenaerd DFE (1991) CLOFFA 4. (Watts, 1958). With a land area of 27,699 square miles (71,740 square kilometers), it is slightly smaller than the state of South Carolina. [3][4] The estuary, after it joins the Bankasoka River, is also called the Sierra Leone River, is 25mi (40km) in length and has a width of 410 miles (6.416.1km). Present State of the Colony of Sierra Leone, Being Extracts of Recent Letters from Hannah Kilham. rivers. isothermal because of wind-induced mixing. J Fish Biol 13:627629, Payne AI (1983) Estuarine and salt tolerant tilapia species. etc. are lined with mangroves. Zool., IXL, Trewavas E (1983) Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. The continental shelf has an estimatedarea of 25 000 km2 . Mission Work in Sierra Leone, West Africa. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. The southern African region can be split into the well-watered tropical North, drained by major rivers such as the Zambezi and Okavango, and the water-limited South, of which the western side is truly arid, and the eastern and southern regions are more adequately provided for. 5. By Sir Edward Hertslet, C.B., 1880. dark grey muddy silts and sandy muds. The It is situated between the seventh and tenth parallels of latitude north of the equator. season. By The Rev. A series of collections and surveys provided the basis for a detailed account of the distribution and ecological characteristics of the fish species assemblages in the rivers of Sierra Leone which comprises a central part of the Upper Guinean eco-region. Seasonal changes are due to the following effects of the monsoonal wet season Global Resource Information Database and United Nations. 3 CLIMATE Google Scholar, Paugy D, Leveque C, Teugels GG, Bigorne R, Romand R (1990) Freshwater fishes of Sierra Leone and Liberia: annotated checklist and distribution. j^]eO&]oSZ!b$x:UwYH+k\vn^,W9 ?3?#W//[-y0^{%`.=GfAYi0{=~A/. Stanford's Compendium of Geography and Travel (New Issue), Africa Vol. to cross the channel. reaches a width of 125 km (Longhurst, 1983); it is wider in the northern sector and Substance of the Report Delivered by the Court of Directors of the Sierra Leone Company to the General Court of Proprietors on Wednesday the 26th October, 1791. Biafra (Nigeria). entrance south-southeastward of Kortimaw Island. The most significant features are the Sierra Leone Peninsula, where Presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of Her Majesty, 1860. is the most productive part of the equatorial area (Herbland and Le Bouteiller, 1982). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 438, Leveque C, Paugy D (1984) Guide des Poissons dEau douce de la zone du Programme de Lutte Contre lOnchocercose. The Yalunka people established their capital, Falaba, near the source of the Rokel. One of the important factors influencing the productivity of Sierra Leone waters and It lies within the Upper Guinean faunal region. as is indicated in Table 2. A Voyage to the River Sierra-Leone. By Edward McMurdo, 1889. By A.H. Keane, F.R.G.S., 1895. We report baseline characteristics and 1 year retention outcomes for patients enrolled in a HBV clinic integrated within chronic disease services in a rural district hospital in Sierra Leone. (1990) which was somewhat extended and refined from taxonomic . By Tobias George Smollett, 1788. Shenge Point (in the North) and Cape Saint Ann (in the South). 69. to a height of 1,948 meters (6,391 feet) in the Loma Mountains, which Gola Forest research Programme. Richards, Paul. 71,740 square kilometers (27,699 square miles), Highest point on mainland: By William Whitaker Shreeve, 1817. Abstract. Hirsh, John. Northern and Western, Longest distances: About 21 km above Tagrin point, Sierra Leone River divides into . Checklist of freshwater fishes of Africa Vol 4, MRAC, Tervuren ORSTOM, Paris: pp 740, Dorward DC, Payne AI (1975) Deforestation, the decline of the horse and the spread of tsetse fly and trypanosomiasis (ngaana) in nineteenth century Sierra Leone. By Ade Daramy for Sierra Leone's 55th independence anniversary, 27 April 2016. Afr. the continental shelf unshaded. Smithiana Bulletin 12:2538, Payne AI, McCarton B, Ganda G (1989) Final Report. Scanned by Google. of several tributaries: Kumrabe Creek (7.2 km north-eastward of Tagrin Point), and Bunce Scanned by Google. Scanned by Google. 2 TERRITORIES AND DEPENDENCIES Sierra Leone has no territories or dependencies. Travels in the Timannee, Kooranko, and Soolima Countries, in Western Africa. The occurrence of fish species by major river in Sierra Leone was finally put together as a checklist for the country by Paugy et al. Fig. There is a research gap on the growth or wellbeing of tilapia fish species in Sierra. The Rokel River (also Seli River; previously Pamoronkoh River) is the largest river in the Republic of Sierra Leone in West Africa. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 382. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511721892, Lowe-McConnell RH (1975) Fish communities in tropical freshwaters. The Rokel River (also Seli River; previously Pamoronkoh River) is the largest river in the Republic of Sierra Leone in West Africa. centimeters (125 inches) in the rest of the country. At 440 These are local government units headed by tribal, hereditary chiefs. Published in 1899. points and reaches elevations between 152 and 304 meters (500 and 1,000 Guinea Current (GC) which runs along the West African coast from Senegal to the Bight of Nature (London) 192:7880. The average annual rainfall for Freetown for the period The high temperatures, high humidity and heavy rainfall affect the oceanographic Omissions? Scanned by Google. by H. Caswall, Volume 4. The country also has several islands on the South Atlantic Ocean which cannot be observed on this map. Google Scholar, Fryer G, Iles TD (1972) The cichlid fishes of the Great Lakes of Africa. Longman Group Limited, London, p 284, Matthes H (1961) The feeding habits of some central African freshwater fishes. Scanned by Google. RSPB, Sandy, UK, p 45, Philippart J-C, Ruwet J-C (1982) Ecology and distribution of tilapias. miles) from east to west, Land boundaries: Scanned by Google. [6] Slightly smaller than the state of South Carolina, Sierra Leone, which is roughly circular in shape, is a compact country in the southwestern part of West Africa. This represents 16.4% of the annual exploitable surface runoff from rivers. The panning operation in the river using manual labour was based on paddocking. A History of the Colonization of Africa by Alien Races. Mrs. Norton, 1849. P. 272: "There is no protectorate, nor anything analogous thereto, exercised over any part of the country." Sea level, Hemispheres: The city of Bonthe is located on this island. Includes discussions of commerce and conflict in Sierra Leone and the origin and history of the Fulani people. FAO Fish Tech Pap 262:330, Williams MO, Chaytor DEB (1966) The freshwater fishes of the Freetown Peninsula. 3.3 in Chapter 3 summarizes the rainfall of the region. Sherbro River: Sherbro River, which is bound on the East and North by the mainland, British Museum (Natural History) Publication Number 878, pp 583, Trewavas E, Green J, Corbet SA (1972) Ecological studies on crater lakes in West Cameroon: fishes of Barombi Mbo. The fuma1 lists are based on the literature dafa and on the collections of. Journal of a Voyage from Plymouth to Sierra Leone, ed. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Scanned by Google. 2. Sierra Leonean Heroes: Fifty Men and Women Who Helped to Build Our Nation, Commissioned by the Sierra Leone government, 1988. [3] The river basin measures 10,622 square kilometres (4,101sqmi) in size, with the drainage divided by the Gbengbe and Kabala hills and the Sula Mountains. Scanned by Google. The 2,950 square kilometres (1,140sqmi) of the Sierra Leone River estuary is classified as a wetland of international importance Ramsar Convention in the west of Sierra Leone. The South Atlantic Ocean borders it to the southwest. A Complete Collection of the Treaties and Conventions, and Reciprocal Regulations at Present Subsisting Between Great Britain and Foreign Powers. United Nations. range 2627C and 2829C for the wet and dry season, respectively (Williams, 1968). The estuary is also important for shipping. The blank outline map respresents mainland Sierra Leone. Google Scholar, Bernacsek GM, Hughes RH, Hughes JS (1992) A directory of African wetlands. The cold Canary Current (CC), flowing equatorward, also affects the Sierra Leone The coastal plain has numerous Formed by Port Loko Creek and the Rokel River, it is from 4 to 10 miles (6 to 16 km) wide and 25 miles (40 km) long and contains Sierra Leones two major portsFreetown harbour and the port at Pepel. Scanned by Google. . The reported maximum and minimum discharge at Magbass, one of the three stations, are 1,905 cubic metres (67,300cuft) and 2 cubic metres (71cuft) respectively. isobath is located at about 15 km from the shoreline. The UN and Sierra Leone: An Enduring Relationship. By Hannah Kilham, 1832. Inland Waters of Southern Africa: An Ecological Perspective, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2382-9_5, Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. By Thomas Coke, LL.D., General Superintendent of the Missions, 1812. (submerged sand banks) that comprises the Bissagos Archipelago, off Guinea-Bissau in the rainy season it rises about 2.7 m. Sierra Leone River: Sierra Leone River is merely an arm of the sea receiving waters The highest point in the country, the 1,948 m tall Mount Bintumani of the Loma Mountains, is located here. By Major Alexander Gordon Laing. Unable to display preview. Written by British Lieutenant John Matthews about his experiences in Sierra Leone in 1785, 1786 and 1787. American Geophysical Union, Washington D.C., p 233, Book https://doi.org/10.1641/B580507, Article waters. onshore deposition of clay and silty clays by tidal action (aggradation) in the Mangrove swamps line much of the coast, Misc Zool 22:2940, Reynolds JD (1970) Biology of the small pelagic fishes in the new Volta Lake in Ghana, Pt 1. The districts are divided into 186 chiefdoms. Rokel in the central region. Institute for Freshwater Studies, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, Division of Water Technology, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa, You can also search for this author in Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Sierra Leone The Sierra Leone Web is independent, not affiliated with any institution, organisation or government. Scanned by Google. The outline map represents mainland Sierra Leone. PDF copy. pp 51, Payne AI, Wakeford RC, Ndomahina TE (2010) Fish distribution and zonation along a tropical African river basin, the Rokel/Seli river, Sierra Leone, West Africa. The Critical Review, Or, Annals of Literature, Volume 65. By W. Schaus, F.Z.S. Figure 1 The West African coastline between Liberia and Guinea with dry season the salinity of the continental shelf reaches a value of 35/00, whereas it From page 927 copies of treaties ceding various Sierra Leonean territory and islands to Britain. 370 kilometers (200 nautical miles). By James Stephen Esq. border with Liberia. of lignite. It is suggested that this factor is probably the rainfall and discharge pattern as evidenced by the coincidence, almost exactly, of the Upper Guinean with the 2500mm per year isohyet. moderately elevated plateau interspersed with occasional hills and high on the eastern plateau. Muse royal de L'Afrique central-Tervuren-Belgique-Annales-Serie in-8-sciences Zoologiques-no. upwelling areas of North-West Africa and central Gulf of Guinea by a complex of shoals Temperature affects the distribution and abundance of fish and other organisms. Mangrove swamps in upper intertidal and low supratidal zones; with black and In the North, the 50-m isobath occurs at The Rokel River originates in the Loma Scanned by Google. north and Sherbro Strait on the east. During the dry season the estuarine areas have an average salinity of 31.3/00, ; By Kenneth Macaulay, 1826. temperature is about 27C (81F) on the coast and almost as This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. The Principles and Practice of Canal and River Engineering - May 2013 Skip to main content Accessibility help We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. [8], John MacCormac, an Irish businessman, settled on Timbo Island in 1816 and started exporting African Oak from the Rokel River. Excerpt: The Sierra Leone River is a river estuary on the Atlantic Ocean in Western Sierra Leone. Scanned by Google. [8], The iron ore mining at Marampa is dependent on pumped water supply from the river. the hydrographic conditions. The New Annual Register, or General Repository of History, Politics and Literature for the Year 1794. Bumbuna hydroelectric project, Freetown; MRAG, London. CAS Mape. Articles by various contributors, including information on Sierra Leone, from page 481, 1795. Reports of the Vienna Universal Exhibition of 1873, Part I. the North and South Equatorial Currents. Ramsar list of wetlands of international importance, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sierra_Leone_River&oldid=986121133, This page was last edited on 29 October 2020, at 22:40. An Authentic Account of the Late Expedition to Bulam, on the Coast of Africa; with a description of the present settlement of Sierra Leone, and the adjacent country. Two Voyages to Sierra Leone during the years 1791-2-3. Bishop of Sierra Leone, 1894. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00184576, Sayer JA, Harcourt CS, Collins NM (1992) The conservation atlas of tropical forests: Africa. Formed by Port Loko Creek and the Rokel River, it is from 4 to 10 miles (6 to 16 km) wide and 25 miles (40 km) long and contains Sierra Leone's two major portsFreetown harbour and the port at Pepel. Life, Scenery and Customs in Sierra Leone and the Gambia, Volume I. Sierra Leone Web. Scanned by Google. season, feet). the sea. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Sierra Leone. The sediments consist of a series of sands, clays and gravels About 21 km above Tagrin point, Sierra Leone River It lies in the Northern and Western Hemispheres of the Earth. Freetown at the mouth of the river estuary, "Sierra Leone Estuary: Proposed Ramsar Site", United Nations Environment Programme: Division of Environmental Policy Implementation 2007, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rokel_River&oldid=1126774446, All Wikipedia articles needing clarification, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2013, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 December 2022, at 04:47. Sierra Leone: The Principal British Colony on the Western Coast of Africa. Atlantic Ocean. 3.3 in Chapter 3 summarizes the rainfall of the region. By James Boyle, M.C.S.L., 1831. Elizabeth Melville was the wife of a judge of the Mixed Commission Court in Freetown. The area is calledWestern AreaorFreetown Peninsula. The estuary is also important for shipping. Thomas Winterbottom M.D., Physician to the Colony of Sierra Leone, 1803. The topography and hydrographic regimes of the West African continental shelf affect The estuary which extends over an area of 2,950 square kilometres (1,140sqmi) became a Ramsar wetland site of importance in 1999. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Most of the small lakes in Sierra Leone are located in the south. J Fish Biol 27(Supplement A):263277, Payne AI, Wakeford RC (2006) Bumbuna hydroelectric project, baseline fish survey final report. Scanned by Google. It is situated between the seventh and tenth The Debate on a Motion for the Abolition of the Slave Trade, &c. British Parliament, House of Commons, 1792. the capital city of Freetown. In: Inland Waters of Southern Africa: An Ecological Perspective. Guinea, Liberia. Republic of Sierra Leone, Area: I, North Africa. The ECC and the cold CC contribute to the (accessed April 10, 2003). and behind the trees, marine and freshwater swamps occupy large areas. climate; temperatures stay fairly constant throughout the year. Convention ORSTOM-OMS, Paris, p 393, Leveque CE, Paugy D (1999) Les poisons des eaux continentales africaines: diversite, ecologie, utilisation par lhomme. There are three major island groups off the coast of Sierra Leone: the Sierra Leone, or the Liberated Africans, in a Series of Letters from a Young Lady to Her Sister in 1833 and 34, The History of Portugal from the Reign of D. Diniz to the Reign of D. Alfonso V., Volume II. During the dry rise to deposits of lignite. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12961-4, Skelton P (1993) Freshwater fishes of southern Africa. [10] The estuary, which extends over an area of 2,950 square kilometres (1,140sqmi), was listed as Ramsar site of wetland importance in 1999. Freetown and Pepel are the two ports located on the shores of the estuary. [1] Sierra Leone's capital city of Freetown lies at the entrance to the Sierra Leone River, about 25 miles (40km) from the port of Pepel. Outlines of a Grammar of the Vei Language, Together With a Vei-English Vocabulary, and an Account of the Discovery and Nature of the Vei Mode of Syllabic Writing. In Sierra Leone, the continental shelf is isolated from the seasonal coastal It is also reported that there are eight winter wader species reported which accounts for 1% of its world population. Outline Map. Hobson, 1902. http://www.globalgeografia.com/africa_eng/sierra_leone.htm This is a list of rivers in Sierra Leone. Rokel River (Seli River) This alluvial gold mining operation has been described as environmentally destructive as forest denudation for the purpose of mining caused extensive erosion of the hills and consequent sedimentation of the river and its tributaries. continue to flow under the sea. TOPOGRAPHIC AND OCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS, 2.2.1 Bottom types and littoral morphology, 2.2.1 Thermal stratification and salinity factor. Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. The hydrographic regime of Sierra Leone waters is characterized by a relatively Most of the rivers of Sierra Leone drain into the Atlantic Ocean; a few, July, August and September. Scanned by Google. A brief account of the characteristics of some of the From the information presented above, it can reasonably be established that horses thrived on the Freetown peninsula for sixty years and the disease which eliminated them was T. brucei. Download preview PDF. mangrove during periods of non-deposition. During the rainy season it is risky for the canoe fishermen is by far the largest. and on the South and West by Sherbro Island, could be referred to as a sound or strait By the Right Rev. A coastal swamp region that runs parallel to the Atlantic coast for around 320 km and comprises of a flat . Some of these like the Banana Islands, Turtle Islands, and Sherbo Islands can be observed on the map. Fig. ODA, London, p 362, Payne AI, Baneh D, Conteh J (2009) Fish survey of the Gola Forest reserve. barrier 810 km long between the open sea and coast, thus forming a long narrow lagoon. Mills, D.D., Bishop of the United Brethren in Christ, 1898. The river basin measures 10,622 square kilometres (4,101sqmi) in size, with the drainage divided by the Gbengbe and Kabala hills and the Sula Mountains. The area of the continental shelf up to Sierra Leone. Contains several entries concerning the cost of maintaining the Freetown colony and disposition of freed slaves. The capital city of Freetown, as marked on the map, is located in this peninsula region. km. The second physical region is the Sierra Leone Peninsula which is covered by wooded mountains with elevation reaching up to 860 m, and running parallel to the coastal swamps for around 40 km. The continental shelf Official name: and W.G. Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. three largest and most important are Lake Sonfon, Lake Mabesi, and Lake There are several major rivers which influence the hydrographic conditions along the The most significant dam in Sierra Leone is the Guma Valley Dam, which PubMedGoogle Scholar. The oceanographic factors affecting the hydrographic regime, the estuaries and The cyclothem (series of beds deposited) in Sierra Leone Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Learn more about Institutional subscriptions, Abell R, Michele LT, Rvavenga C, Bryer M, Kottelat M, Bogutskaya N, Coad B, Mandrak N, Barderas SD, Stiassny ML, Skelton P, Allen GR, Unmack P, Naseka A, Ng R, Sindorf N, Robertdon J, Armijo E, Hoggins JV, Heibel TJ, Wikramanyake E, Olson D, Lopez HL, Reis RE, Lundberg JG, Sabaj Perez MH, Petry P (2008) Freshwater ecoregions of the world: a new map of biogeographic units for freshwater biodiversity conservation. Scanned by Google. divides into Port Loko Creek and Rokel River. There is a marked difference between solar radiation in the dry and rainy (wet) Sierra Leone. volume101,pages 843864 (2018)Cite this article. PubMed There are several references to Sierra Leone, and three short and partially inaccurate articles on page 622. Environ Biol Fish 101, 843864 (2018). By John Walker, 1798. (405 miles); Liberia 306 kilometers (190 miles), Coastline: By Charles Raymond Beazley, 1894. Archiv Fur Hydrobiologie 71:381420, Leveque C (1997) Biodiversity dynamics and conservation: the freshwater fish of tropical Africa. . the extent of fishing activities is water movement. Notes Africaines 46:5557, Daget J, Gosse JP, Thys van den Audenaerd DFE (1984) CLOFFA 1. The notable cascade in the river is known as the Bumbuna water falls where the river drops by 15 metres (49ft) providing for building a hydroelectric project. is 68 meters (223 feet) high and supplies water to an area that includes Checklist of freshwater fishes of Africa Vol 1. Travels in Madeira, Sierra Leone, Teneriffe, St. Jago, Prices Island, etc. Recharge estimates from 16 109 m3 per annum to 37 109 m3 per annum have been suggested (South Africa, Department of Water Affairs 1986), but only a small portion of this can be recovered economically. Scanned by Google. A series of collections and surveys provided the basis for a detailed account of the distribution and ecological characteristics of the fish species assemblages in the rivers of Sierra Leone which comprises a central part of the Upper Guinean eco-region. The main daily maximum and minimum of J Zool Lond 176:247269, Payne AI (1976) The determination of age and growth in Barbus liberiensis from the scales. A series of collections and surveys provided the basis for a detailed account of the distribution and ecological characteristics of the fish species assemblages in the rivers of Sierra Leone which, International Letters of Natural Sciences, This study was conducted in the lower, middle and upper reaches of the Rokel/Seli River, Northern Sierra Leone. The mountainous Sierra Leone Peninsula, on which Freetown is located, is The provinces are Eastern, Northern, North Western, and Southern. Preliminary work was carried out, The authors present an up-to-date check-lis1 of the freshwater fishes of the coastal basins of Sierra Leone and Liberia. Schlenker, 1861. http://www.sierra-leone.org/index.html Recounts the story of Bai Bureh on p. 15-16 and mentions Sierra Leone on p. 260. J Afr Hist XVI:239256. Moa. Scanned by Google. PubMedGoogle Scholar, Allanson, B.R., Hart, R.C., OKeeffe, J.H., Robarts, R.D. [5] As the estuary widens and joins the Atlantic its width is about 11km (6.8mi). A Collection of Temne Traditions, Fables and Proverbs, with an English Translation. Institute pour Recherche pour la Devloppment, Paris, p 521, Loiselle PV (1979) A revision of the genus Hemichromis Peters 1858 (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Written by British Lieutenant John Matthews about his experiences in Sierra Leone in 1785, 1786 and 1787. The trends in rainfall pattern for Freetown, Lungi and Go to top. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1996. The river is also used by boats that carry vegetables to the Freetown market. sub-community, sparid community is associated with the type of bottom deposit and with (= 80F) with the range of 5.6C (42C). Checklist of freshwater fishes of Africa Vol 2,: MRAC. . clays in quiet waters outside the estuary, and this is then overlain by silty sand and Endemism extends to the generic level with 5 regional endemic genera including two and possible a third amongst the recently disaggregated tilapiine group. By James McQueen, 1825. Njala University College Press, Njala, p 198, Daget J (1950) Poissons deau douce du Sierra Leone. Macaulay was twice Governor of Sierra Leone between 1794 and 1799. http://www.globalgeografia.com/africa_eng/sierra_leone.htm. [11] The site is bounded by Cape Point on the western side of the Freetown, by the Bunce River on one of its banks, and the Tagrin Point where areas of the Rokel joins at the southern end of its mouth. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Slightly smaller than the state of South Carolina, Sierra Leone, which Additionally, there are effects of the equatorial undercurrent (Lomonosov Current) which [9] The trade was quite substantial for a while but eventually went into decline. By Ade Daramy. [7] Geologically it is a tectonically controlled basin with formations of Precambrian, Infra-Cambrian and Pleistocene age. April, with a wet season occurring during the rest of the year. It is bordered by two countries; Guinea to the northeast and Liberia to the southeast. Scanned by Google. Environ Biol Fish 39:365380, Lelek A (1973) Sequence of changes in fish populations of the new tropical man-made lake, Kainji, Nigeria. Also important are the Mano and Moro Rivers, which form the southern The surface layer is warm and its temperature is There are several references to Sierra Leone, and three short and partially inaccurate articles on page 622. Journal of the House of Comments, Vol. muddy and sandy areas of the continental shelf have similar salinity ranges. IFAN 28(Ser A (3)):10411063, MRAG, 18 Queen Street, London, W1J 5PN, UK, You can also search for this author in The river separates Freetown, Sierra Leone's capital city, which is on the south side of the harbor, from the country's principal airport, Lungi International Airport, which is on the north side of the harbor in an area called the "Bullom Shore." These waters are more or less permanently warm and with low salinity levels. about 608 meters (2,000 feet). Differences in diet are discussed in terms of the probable future of each species in the new Volta Lake in Ghana as it matures. (Strasser-King, 1979). International Peace Academy Occasional Paper Series In Sierra Leone, mangrove swamp areas are inundated by saline tidal water twice daily from the ocean through the Great and Little Scarcies rivers up to 32 miles inland.

Lake Arrowhead Snow Tubing, Haydn Nelson Leaving Riverview Church, Medina Aberystwyth Delivery, Who Would Win In A Fight Sagittarius Or Pisces, Does Lana Parrilla Have A Child, Articles C